Welcome to Swastik Classes’ NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 5 – Minerals and Energy Resources. In this chapter, you will learn about the different types of minerals and energy resources found in India and their significance in the country’s economic development. Our solutions will help you understand the distribution of minerals and energy resources in India, their extraction and utilization, and the environmental and social impact of their extraction. We aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the chapter’s concepts and enable you to perform well in your exams. So, let’s begin!
Writing responses to the class 10 Social Science questions provided in the exercise might be challenging for students for a number of reasons. One should not omit any NCERT textbook content in order to get the highest possible grade. Use the Swastik Classes’ NCERT answers for Social Science class 10 as a resource. Important exam-based questions are covered in depth in each chapter.
NCERT SOLUTIONS FOR CLASS 10 SOCIAL SCIENCE GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-5 MINERALS AND ENERGY RESOURCES – Exercises
1. Multiple choice questions
(i) Which one of the following minerals is formed by decomposition of rocks, leaving a residual mass of weathered material?
(a) coal
(b) bauxite
(c) gold
(d) zinc
Solution : (b) bauxite
(ii) Koderma, in Jharkhand is the leading producer of which one of the following minerals?
(a) bauxite
(b) mica
(c) iron ore
(d) copper
Solution : (b) mica
(iii) Minerals are deposited and accumulated in the stratas of which of the following rocks?
(a) sedimentary rocks
(b) metamorphic rocks
(c) igneous rocks
(d) none of the above
Solution : (a) sedimentary rocks
(iv) Which one of the following minerals is contained in the Monazite sand?
(a) oil
(b) uranium
(c) thorium
(d) coal
Solution : (c) thorium
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
2. (i) Distinguish between the following in not more than 30 words.
(a) Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals
(b) Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy.
(ii) What is a mineral?
(iii) How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks?
(iv) Why do we need to conserve mineral resources?
Solution :
(i) (a)
| Ferrous minerals | Non-ferrous minerals |
| Metallic minerals which contain iron are called ferrous minerals, e.g.. iron ore, manganese, nickel, cobalt, etc. They have small amounts of other metals or elements added, to give the required properties. Ferrous Metals are magnetic and give little resistance to corrosion. | Metallic minerals which do not contain iron and are not magnetic and are usually more resistant to corrosion than ferrous metals are called non-ferrous minerals, e.g.. copper, bauxite, tin, etc. |
(b)
| Conventional Sources of Energy | Non-conventional Sources of Energy |
| Conventional sources of energy are those sources which have been use since the early times. | Non-conventional sources of energy have generally been identified in the recent past. |
| They are exhaustible except hydro-energy. | They are inexhaustible. |
| They cause pollution when used as they emit smoke and ash. | Generally these are pollution-free. |
| Their generation and use involve huge expenditure. | Low expenditure required. |
| Very expensive to maintain, store, transmit as they are carried over long distances through transmission grids. | Less expensive due to local use and easy maintenance. |
| Examples are – coal, natural gas, water, fire-wood. | Examples are – geothermal energy, solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, biogas energy, nuclear energy. |
(ii) A mineral is a homogeneous, naturally occurring substance with a definable interior structure.
(iii) In igneous and metamorphic rocks, molten/liquid and gaseous minerals are forced upwards into the cracks. They then solidify and form veins or lodes.
(iv) It takes millions of years for the formation of minerals. Compared to the present rate of consumption, the replenishment rate of minerals is very slow. Hence, mineral resources are finite and non-renewable. Due to this, it is important that we conserve the mineral resources.
3. Answer the following questions.
3. (i) Describe the distribution of coal in India.
(ii) Why do you think that solar energy has a bright future in India?
Solution :
• The major resources of metallurgical coal belong to the Gondwana age and are located mainly in the north eastern part of the peninsula.
• Rich reserves of coal are found in the Damodar Valley region in the states of West Bengal and Jharkhand. Raniganj in West Bengal and Jharia and Bokaro in Jharkhand are important coalfields. One third of the total production comes from here.
• Coal is also found in the Godavari, Mahanadi, Son and Wardha valleys. Korba in Chhattisgarh, Singrauli and Penah-kanhan valley in Madhya Pradesh, Talcher in Orissa, Kamptee and Chandrapur in Maharashtra and Singareni of Andhra Pradesh are important coal mines.
• Tertiary coal occur in the north eastern states of Meghalaya, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland.
• Principal lignite reserves are found in Neyveli in Tamil Nadu.
(ii) Solar energy has a bright future in India because –
• India being a tropical country receives sunlight in abundance throughout the year.
• Solar plants can be easily established in rural and remote areas.
• It will minimize the dependence of rural households on firewood and dunk cakes which in turn will contribute to environmental conservation and adequate supply of manure in agriculture.
Conclusions for NCERT SOLUTIONS FOR CLASS 10 SOCIAL SCIENCE GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-5 MINERALS AND ENERGY RESOURCES
Swastik Classes’ NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 5 – Minerals and Energy Resources provide a detailed understanding of the different types of minerals and energy resources found in India and their significance in the country’s economic development. The chapter covers the distribution of minerals and energy resources, their extraction and utilization, and their impact on the environment and society. Our solutions aim to help students comprehend the concepts in a clear and concise manner, enabling them to perform well in their examinations. We emphasize the importance of sustainable development and the responsible use of natural resources for the benefit of future generations. We hope that our solutions will aid students in their learning journey and help them score good marks in their exams.
What are minerals, and what are their types?
Minerals are naturally occurring substances that have a definite chemical composition and physical properties. They are classified into metallic minerals (such as iron ore, copper, and gold) and non-metallic minerals (such as limestone, mica, and gypsum).
What are energy resources, and what are their types?
Energy resources are natural resources that can be converted into energy. They are classified into non-renewable resources (such as coal, oil, and natural gas) and renewable resources (such as solar, wind, and hydro power).
What is the significance of minerals and energy resources in India’s economic development?
Minerals and energy resources play a crucial role in India’s economic development as they contribute to the country’s industrial growth and energy needs. India is rich in minerals like iron ore, coal, manganese, bauxite, and oil and gas reserves, which are critical to the country’s manufacturing and infrastructure development.
What are the environmental and social impacts of mining activities?
Mining activities can have significant environmental and social impacts, such as land degradation, soil erosion, water pollution, loss of biodiversity, and displacement of local communities. Therefore, it is essential to ensure sustainable mining practices that minimize these impacts.
How can we ensure the sustainable development of minerals and energy resources?
We can ensure the sustainable development of minerals and energy resources by promoting the efficient use of resources, reducing waste and pollution, promoting renewable energy, adopting best mining practices, protecting biodiversity and the rights of local communities, and implementing strong regulatory frameworks.
