Welcome to Swastik Classes’ NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 – Manufacturing Industries. In this chapter, you will learn about the importance of manufacturing industries in the economic development of a country. You will understand the significance of manufacturing industries in generating employment, promoting exports, and increasing the GDP of a country. Through our solutions, we aim to provide you with a clear understanding of the concepts discussed in the chapter and help you excel in your examinations. So, let’s get started!
Writing responses to the class 10 Social Science questions provided in the exercise might be challenging for students for a number of reasons. One should not omit any NCERT textbook content in order to get the highest possible grade. Use the Swastik Classes’ NCERT answers for Social Science class 10 as a resource. Important exam-based questions are covered in depth in each chapter.
NCERT SOLUTIONS FOR CLASS 10 SOCIAL SCIENCE GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-6 MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES – Exercises
1. Multiple choice Questions.
(i) Which one of the following industries uses limestone as a raw material.
(a) Aluminium (b) Cement (c) Sugar (d) Jute
Solution : (b) Cement
(ii) Which one of the following agencies markets steel for the public sector plants?
(a) HAIL
(b) SAIL
(c) TATA Steel
(d) MNCC
Solution : (b) SAIL
(iii) Which one of the following industries uses bauxite as a raw material?
(a) Aluminium
(b) Cement
(c) Jute
(d) Steel
Solution : (a) Aluminium
(iv) Which one of the following industries manufactures telephones, computer, etc.
(a) Steel
(b) Electronic
(c) Aluminium
(d) Information Technology
Solution : (b) Electronic
Answer the following briefly in not more than 30 words.
2. (i) What is manufacturing?
(ii) any three physical factors for the location of the industry.
(iii) Name any three human factors for the location of industry.
(iv) What are basic industries? Give an example.
(v) Name the important raw materials used in the manufacturing of cement?
Solution :
(i) Manufacturing is the process in which goods are produced in large quantities after processing the various raw materials.
(ii) Three physical factors for the location of the industry are:
• Availability of raw material.-The location of industrial enterprises is sometimes determined simply by the location of the raw materials. The jute mills in West Bengal, sugar mills in Uttar Pradesh, cotton textile mills in Maharashtra and Gujarat are concentrated close to the sources of raw materials.
• Suitable climate-Harsh climate is not much suitable for the establishment of industries. There can be no industrial development in an extremely hot, humid, dry or cold climate.
• Availability of water and power supply- Many industries are established near rivers, canals and lakes.Iron and steel industry, textile industries and chemical industries require large quantities of water, for their proper functioning.Coal, mineral oil and hydro-electricity are the three important conventional sources of power. Most of the industries tend to concentrate at the source of power.
(iii) Three human factors for the location of industry are
• Availability of cheap labour- Labour supply is important in two respects (a) workers in large numbers are often required; (b) people with a skill or technical expertise are needed.
• Availability of services such as consultants and financial advice.
• Availability of Market.-The entire process of manufacturing is useless until the finished goods reach the market. Nearness to market is essential for quick disposal of manufactured goods. It helps in reducing the transport cost and enables the consumer to get things at cheaper rates.
(iv) Basic industries are those which supply their raw materials to industries which manufacture other goods. An example is the iron and steel industry which supplies steel to the automobile industry.
(v) The important raw materials used in the manufacturing of cement are limestone, silica, alumina and gypsum.
Write the answers to the following s in 120 words.
1. How are integrated steel plants different from mini steel plants? What problems does the industry face? What recent developments have led to a rise in the production capacity?
Solution :
(i) Integrated Steel Plants are large plants which handle everything in one complex – from putting together raw material to steelmaking, rolling and shaping.
Mini Steel Plants are smaller, have electric furnaces, use mainly steel scrap and sponge iron as inputs. They have re-rollers that use steel ingots as well. They produce mild and alloy steel of given specifications.
Problems of Steel Industry:
• High costs and limited availability of cooking coal.
• Lower productivity of labour.
• Irregular supply of power.
• Poor infrastructure.
Following are some recent developments that have led to a rise in the production capacity:
• Liberalisation
• Foreign direct investments (FDI) with the efforts of private entrepreneurs.
• Improvement in the production process by the use of newer technologies.
2. How do industries pollute the environment?
Solution : Industries are responsible for four types of pollution – air, water, land and noise pollution. Following are the various reasons:
• Air pollution is caused by the presence of a high proportion of undesirable gases, such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide.
• Water pollution is caused by organic and inorganic industrial wastes and effluents discharged into rivers.
• Thermal pollution of water occurs when hot water from factories and thermal plants are drained into rivers and ponds before cooling.
• Wastes from nuclear plants cause cancer, birth defects and miscarriages.
• Dumping of wastes especially, glass, harmful chemicals, industrial effluents, packaging, salts and other garbage renders the soil useless.
• Noise pollution is caused due to industrial and construction activities, factory equipment, generators, electric saws, drills and other machinery.
3. Discuss the steps to be taken to minimise environmental degradation by industry?
Solution : The steps to be taken to minimise environmental degradation by industry are :
• To control water pollution, industrial effluents need to be treated on all three levels (primary, secondary and tertiary); the use of water for processing should be minimised via reuse and recycling; rainwater can be harvested to meet water requirements, and groundwater usage should be regulated by law.
• For the minimisation of air pollution, smokestacks should be fitted to factories with electrostatic precipitators, fabric filters, scrubbers and inertial separators. Also, smoke can be reduced by using oil or gas instead of coal.
• Noise pollution can be controlled by fitting generators with silencers, redesigning machinery to reduce noise, and using earplugs and earphones besides other noise absorbing material.
ACTIVITY
Give one word for each of the following with regard to industry. The number of letters in each word are hinted in brackets.
(i) Used to drive machinery (5)
(ii)People who work in a factory (6)
(iii)Where the product is sold (6)
(iv)A person who sells goods (8)
(v)Thing produced (7)
(vi)To make or produce (11)
(vii)Land, Water and Air degraded (9)
Solution :
(i) Power
(ii) Worker
(iii) Market
(iv) Retailer
(v) Product
(vi) Manufacture
(vii) Pollution
Conclusions for NCERT SOLUTIONS FOR CLASS 10 SOCIAL SCIENCE GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-6 MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Swastik Classes’ NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 – Manufacturing Industries provide an in-depth understanding of the importance of manufacturing industries in the economic development of a country. The chapter emphasizes the significance of manufacturing industries in creating job opportunities, promoting exports, and contributing to the growth of the GDP. The solutions provided by Swastik Classes cover all the important topics discussed in the chapter, such as types of manufacturing industries, the significance of the manufacturing sector, the contribution of the manufacturing sector to the economy, and the challenges faced by the manufacturing industry. Our solutions are designed to help students comprehend the concepts in a clear and concise manner and excel in their exams. We hope that our solutions will aid students in their learning journey and help them score good marks in their examinations.
What are manufacturing industries, and why are they important?
Manufacturing industries are those industries that produce goods from raw materials. They are essential for the economic development of a country as they contribute to employment generation, promote exports, and add value to the economy.
What are the different types of manufacturing industries?
The different types of manufacturing industries include food processing, textiles, chemicals, cement, leather, paper, and electronics, among others.
What are the challenges faced by the manufacturing industry in India?
The manufacturing industry in India faces several challenges, such as inadequate infrastructure, lack of skilled labor, high cost of capital, complex regulations, and inadequate technology.
What role do small-scale industries play in the manufacturing sector?
Small-scale industries play a crucial role in the manufacturing sector as they contribute to employment generation and promote rural development. They also provide opportunities for entrepreneurship and innovation.
How can the government support the growth of the manufacturing industry?
The government can support the growth of the manufacturing industry by providing a conducive policy environment, investing in infrastructure, promoting research and development, providing access to finance, and simplifying regulations. The government can also encourage the growth of the manufacturing industry by promoting exports and creating a skilled workforce.
