Welcome to Swastik Classes! In the captivating world of biology, we invite you to embark on an exciting journey through the Animal Kingdom with our NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 4.
Animals are remarkable creatures that come in diverse forms, sizes, and habitats. They exhibit fascinating behaviors, possess unique adaptations, and play vital roles in maintaining ecological balance. Understanding the intricacies of the Animal Kingdom is crucial to appreciate the complexity and diversity of life on Earth.
In this meticulously designed series of NCERT solutions, Swastik Classes aims to provide comprehensive knowledge and a deeper understanding of the Animal Kingdom. Our experienced educators have crafted detailed explanations and step-by-step solutions, making complex concepts easily accessible to students of all levels.
We cover a wide range of topics in this chapter, including the classification of animals, their characteristic features, and the diversity of animal forms and functions. Our solutions not only provide answers to the exercises in the NCERT textbook but also offer additional insights, examples, and illustrations to enhance your learning experience.
At Swastik Classes, we are committed to nurturing a love for learning and fostering a deeper appreciation for the wonders of the natural world. Our NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 4 will equip you with the necessary tools to excel in your examinations and develop a strong foundation in animal biology.
Join us on this captivating journey through the Animal Kingdom as we unravel the mysteries and marvels of the animal world. Let’s explore the incredible diversity of animal life together and delve into their unique adaptations, behaviors, and ecological significance.
Get ready to embark on an educational adventure with Swastik Classes, where knowledge flourishes and curiosity thrives. Let’s dive into the fascinating realm of the Animal Kingdom and unlock the secrets of the diverse and awe-inspiring creatures that inhabit our planet.
NCERT Solution for Class 11 Biology Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom – (Exercises)
1. What are the difficulties that you would face in classification of animals, if common fundamental features are not taken into account?
Answer. For the classification of living organisms, common fundamental characteristics are considered. Animal classification would be very confusing if fundamental features are not considered.
(i) Animals having different levels of organisation would have been placed in same group. E.g., Sponges and Cnidarians having same cellular and tissue level of organisation respectively.
(ii)Animals showing different types of germinal layers would have been placed together, as diploblastic cnidarians and triploblastic platyhelminthes.
(iii)Animals having different body symmetry would have been placed together, as coelenterates with radial symmetry and platyh elminthes with bilateral symmetry.
2. If you are given a specimen, what are the steps that you would follow to classify it?
Answer. Various steps considered to classify a specimen are
(A)Mode of nutrition – It can be autotrophic, holozoic, saprophytic or parasitic.
(B)Complexity of body structure – Whether the specimen is unicellular or multicellular.
(C)Presence or absence of membrane bound organelles.
(D)Body symmetry, i.e., the plane by which organism can be divided into two equal halves.
(E)Presence or absence of coelom, it can be acoelomates, pseudoco elomates, eucoelo- mates.
(F)Phylogenetic relationship.
3. How useful is the study of the nature of body cavity and coelom in the classification of animals?
Answer. Coelom is a fluid filled space between the body wall and digestive tract. The presence or absence of body cavity or coelom plays a very important role in the classification of animals. Animals that possess a fluid filled cavity between body wall and digestive tract are known as coelomates. Annelids, mollusks, arthropods, echinodermates, and chordates are examples of coelomates. On the other hand, the animals in which the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm are known as pseudoco elomates. In such animals, mesoderm is scattered in between ectoderm and endoderm. Asch elminthes is an example of pseudoco elomates. In certain animals, the body cavity is absent.
4. Distinguish between intracellular and extra-cellular digestion.
Answer. Differences between intracellular and extracellular digestion are:
| Intracellular digestion | Extracellular digestion |
| The digestion of food take place within the cell. | The digestion take place outside the cell in the cavity of alimentary canal. |
| Digestive enzymes are secreted by the surrounding cytoplasm into the food vacuole. | Digestive enzymes are secreted by special cells into the cavity of alimentary canal. |
| Products of digestion are diffused into the cytoplasm. | Products of digestion diffuse across the intestinal wall into different parts of the body. |
| It is a less efficient method and it does not show the regional differentiation. | It is a more efficient method and shows the regional differentiation. |
| It occurs in unicellular organisms. | It occurs in multicellular organisms. |
5. What is the difference between direct and indirect development?
Answer. Differences between direct development and indirect development are :
| Direct development | Indirect development |
| It is a type of development in which an embryo develops into a mature individual without involving a larval stage. | It is a type of development that involves a sexually-immature larval stage, having different food requirements than adults. |
| Meta morphosis is absent. | Meta morphosis involving development of larva to a sexually-mature adult is present. |
| Inter mediate stages are absent | Inter mediate stages are present |
| It occurs in fishes, reptiles, birds, and mammals. | It occurs in most of the invertebrates and amphibians. |
6. What are the peculiar features that you find in parasitic platyh elminthes?
Answer. Following are the peculiar features of parasitic platyh elminthes:
(i) The thick tegument (body covering) resistant to the host’s digestive enzymes and anti-toxins.
(ii)Adhesive organs like suckers in flukes and the hooks and suckers in tape worms for a firm grip on or in the host’s body.
(iii)Loss of locomotory organs.
(iv)Digestive organs are absent in tape worms because digested and semi digested food of the host is directly absorbed’ through the body surface.
(v) Reproductive system is best developed in parasitic flatworms.
(vi)Parasitic flatworms, such as liver fluke and tapeworms perform anaerobic respiration.
(vii)They possess a considerable osmotic adaptability, as they can successfully live in different media.
7. What are the reasons that you can think of for the arthropods to constitute the largest group of the animal kingdom?
Answer. The reasons for the success of arthropods are as follows.
• Jointed legs that allow more mobility on land
• Hard exoskeleton made of chitin that protects the body
• The hard exoskeleton also reduces water loss from the body of arthropods making them more adapted to terrestrial conditions.
8. Water vascular system is the characteristic of which group among the following ?
(a) Porifera
(b) Ctenophora
(c) Echinodermata
(d) Chordata
Answer. (c) Echin odermata
9.”All vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates”. Justify the statement.
Answer. Chordates are the animals that possess notochord (a stiff, supporting rod like structure present on the dorsal side) at some stage of their lives. Phylum Chordata is divided into three Subphyla: Uroch ordata or tunicata, Cephal ochordata and Vertebrata. Subphyla Urochordata and Cephalochordata are often referred to as protochordates and are exclusively marine. In urochordata, notochord is present only in tail of larva and disappears in adults, while in cephalochordata, it extends from head to tail region and persists throughout the life.
The members of Subphylum Vertebrata a possess notochord during the embryonic period and is replaced by a cartilaginous or bony vertebral column in the adult. Thus all vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates.
10.How important is the presence of air bladder in Pisces?
Answer. Bony fishes have a sac-like outgrowth, the swim bladder also called air bladder, that arises as an outgrowth from the dorsal wall of oesophagus. It is hydrostatic in function. It regulates buoyancy and helps them to swim up and down, thus preventing them from sinking. In some species air bladder also helps in respiration. It also serves as resonating chamber to produce or receive sound.
11.What are the modifications that are observed in birds that help them fly?
Answer. Birds have adapted to aerial mode of life through the following modifications:
• Streamlined body for rapid and smooth movement
• Covering of feathers for insulation
• Forelimbs modified into wings and hind limbs used for walking, perching, and swimming
• Presence of pneumatic bones to reduce weight
• Presence of additional air sacs to supplement respiration
12. Could the number of eggs or young ones produced by an oviparous and viviparous mother be equal? Why?
Answer. No, the number of eggs or young ones produced by an oviparous and viviparous mother respectively cannot be equal. Oviparous mother lays large number of eggs, as the eggs are laid outside the body, so they are not protected from predators and harsh environmental conditions, and therefore destroyed. However in viviparous mother, eggs are not laid outside, but the embryos develop inside the mother and thus are protected from the outside harsh environment, thus, the number of eggs produced are less. Therefore, the number of eggs or young ones produced by an oviparous and viviparous mother respectively cannot be equal.
13.Segmentation in the body is first observed in which of the following?
(a) Platyhelminthes
(b) Aschelminthes
(c) Annelida
(d) Arthropoda
Answer. (c) Annelida
14.Match the following:
Answer. (a) – (viii), (b) – (v), (c) – (iv), (d) – (i), (e) – (ii), (f) – (vii), (g) – (iii), (h) – (vi).
15. Prepare a list of some animals that are found parasitic on human beings.
Answer. List of some animals that are found parasitic on human beings :
Conclusions for NCERT Solution for Class 11 Biology Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom
Swastik Classes is proud to present our NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 4: Animal Kingdom. Through our comprehensive solutions, we have aimed to provide a deeper understanding of the fascinating and diverse world of animals.
By studying this chapter, you have explored the classification of animals, their characteristic features, and the incredible diversity of animal forms and functions. Our meticulously crafted solutions not only provide answers to the exercises in the NCERT textbook but also offer additional insights, examples, and illustrations to enrich your learning experience.
At Swastik Classes, we believe in nurturing a love for learning and fostering a deeper appreciation for the wonders of the natural world. Our NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 4 equip you with the knowledge and skills necessary to excel in your examinations and develop a strong foundation in animal biology.
Through the Animal Kingdom, you have gained insights into the complexity and diversity of life on Earth. You have learned about the various adaptations, behaviors, and ecological roles of different animal groups. This knowledge not only enhances your understanding of animals but also contributes to a broader understanding of ecosystems and the interconnections between species.
We hope that our NCERT Solutions have been valuable resources in your journey of understanding the Animal Kingdom. As you continue your exploration of biology, we encourage you to embrace the marvels of the animal world and further expand your knowledge.
Thank you for choosing Swastik Classes as your learning partner. We wish you all the best in your academic endeavors, and may your understanding of the Animal Kingdom continue to grow and flourish like the remarkable creatures that inhabit our planet.
- How are animals classified in the Animal Kingdom?
- Animals are classified based on their body symmetry, presence or absence of a notochord, the presence of a backbone, and other anatomical and physiological characteristics. They are categorized into various phyla, including Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, and Chordata.
- What is the difference between invertebrates and vertebrates?
- Invertebrates are animals that lack a backbone or vertebral column. They include a vast majority of animal species, such as insects, worms, mollusks, and crustaceans. Vertebrates, on the other hand, are animals that possess a backbone or vertebral column. They include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
- What are the distinguishing characteristics of the phylum Chordata?
- The phylum Chordata is characterized by the presence of a notochord, a dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail at some stage of their development. Chordates include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals, including humans.
- What are the major differences between insects and spiders?
- Insects and spiders belong to different arthropod groups. Insects have three body segments (head, thorax, and abdomen), three pairs of legs, and often have wings. Spiders, on the other hand, have two body segments (cephalothorax and abdomen), four pairs of legs, and do not have wings. Spiders also possess specialized structures called spinnerets for producing silk.
- What is the importance of the Animal Kingdom?
- The Animal Kingdom is of immense ecological and economic importance. Animals play vital roles in various ecosystems as pollinators, seed dispersers, decomposers, and as part of food chains. They also provide humans with food, companionship, labor, and sources of inspiration for scientific research and technological advancements.
